[41∼42] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
Like all humans, the first Homo species to begin the long difficult process of constructing a language from scratch almost certainly never said entirely what was on their minds. At the same time, these primitive hominins would not have simply made (a)random sounds or gestures. Instead, they would have used means to communicate that they believed others would understand. And they also thought their hearers could “fill in the gaps”, and connect their knowledge of their culture and the world to interpret what was uttered. These are some of the reasons why the (b)origins of human language cannot be effectively discussed unless conversation is placed at the top of the list of things to understand. Every aspect of human language has evolved, as have components of the human brain and body, to (c)engage in conversation and social life. Language did not fully begin when the first hominid uttered the first word or sentence. It began in earnest only with the first conversation, which is both the source and the (d)goal of language. Indeed, language changes lives. It builds society and expresses our highest aspirations, our basest thoughts, our emotions and our philosophies of life. But all language is ultimately at the service of human interaction. Other components of language ―things like grammar and stories―are (e)crucial to conversation.
*hominin: 인간의 조상으로 분류되는 종족 **hominid: 사람과(科)의 동물
41. 윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
① Various Communication Strategies of Our Ancestors
② Conversation: The Core of Language Development
③ Ending Conversation Without Offending Others
④ How Language Shapes the Way You Think
⑤ What Makes You a Good Communicator?
42. 밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은? [3점]
① (a) ② (b) ③ (c) ④ (d) ⑤ (e)
[43∼45] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
(A) James Walker was a renowned wrestler and he made his living through wrestling. In his town, there was a tradition in which the leader of the town chose a day when James demonstrated his skills. The leader announced one day that James would exhibit his skills as a wrestler and asked the people if there was anyone to challenge (a)him for the prize money.
(B) When James saw the old man, he was speechless. Like everyone else, he thought that the old man had a death wish. The old man asked James to come closer since (b)he wanted to say something to him. James moved closer and the old man whispered, “I know it is impossible for me to win but my children are starving at home. Can you lose this competition to me so I can feed them with the prize money?”
(C) Everyone was looking around in the crowd when an old man stood up and said with a shaking voice, “I will enter the contest against (c)him.” Everyone burst out laughing thinking that it was a joke. James would crush him in a minute. According to the law, the leader could not stop someone who of his own free will entered the competition, so he allowed the old man to challenge the wrestler.