37.
One benefit of reasons and arguments is that they can foster humility. If two people disagree without arguing, all they do is yell at each other. No progress is made.
(A) That is one way to achieve humility — on one side at least. Another possibility is that neither argument is refuted. Both have a degree of reason on their side. Even if neither person involved is convinced by the other’s argument, both can still come to appreciate the opposing view.
(B) Both still think that they are right. In contrast, if both sides give arguments that articulate reasons for their positions, then new possibilities open up. One of the arguments gets refuted — that is, it is shown to fail. In that case, the person who depended on the refuted argument learns that he needs to change his view.
(C) They also realize that, even if they have some truth, they do not have the whole truth. They can gain humility when they recognize and appreciate the reasons against their own view. [3점]
* humility: 겸손 ** articulate: 분명히 말하다
① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
yell at …에게 호통치다
all they do is yell
☞ to 부정사가 be 동사의 보어가 될 때 원형부정사를 써도 되는 경우가 있다. 특히 미국 구어 표현에 많다.
The best( All / What ) I could do was (to) cheer him up.
(내가 할 수 있는 일은 기껏해야 그를 격려하는 것뿐)
side 중요어휘 어휘등급
1.명사 (어떤 것의 중심을 기준으로 한 좌우 절반 중 한) 쪽[측]
2.명사 (위치지역을 나타내어 좌우 어느 한) 쪽[편]
3.명사 (아래위나 바닥이 아닌) 옆(면), 측면
come to resemble :come to —하게되다 get to, grow to
닮아가다
it is shown to fail.
(1)목적어가 명사절인 수동태 ⇒ that절의 동사의 시제가 주절의 동사의 시제와 같은 때는 단순부정사를, that절의 동사의 시제가 주절의 동사의 시제보다 하나 더 과거일 때는 완료부정사를 사용한다.
ex 1) They say that he is rich.
→ That he is rich is said (by them)
→ It is said (by them) that he is rich.
| 1 | 단문/ 복문의 전환 |
| S | │ │ ││ |
is likely is said is known is reported is thought is believed |
to |
|
| ⇒ It 같은 시제 that S - V | ||||
[38~39] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.
38.
However, the capacity to produce skin pigments is inherited.
Adaptation involves changes in a population, with characteristics that are passed from one generation to the next. This is different from acclimation — an individual
organism’s changes in response to an altered environment. ( ① ) For example, if you spend the summer outside, you may acclimate to the sunlight: your skin will increase its concentration of dark pigments that protect you from the sun. ( ② ) This is a temporary change, and you won’t pass the temporary change on to future generations. ( ③ ) For populations living in intensely sunny environments, individuals with a good ability to produce skin pigments are more likely to thrive, or to survive, than people with a poor ability to produce pigments, and that trait becomes increasingly common in subsequent generations. ( ④ ) If you look around, you can find countless examples of adaptation. ( ⑤ ) The distinctive long neck of a giraffe, for example, developed as individuals that happened to have longer necks had an advantage in feeding on the leaves of tall trees. [3점]
* pigment: 색소
공교롭게도 외출중이었어요.
I happened to be out.( happen to 우연히 —하다 ,준조동사)
◎ have to + R :~해야 한다.(의무)◎ have got to
◎ have only to + R ; 단지 ~만 하면 된다.◎ have yet to + R : 아직 ~하지 못하다.
◎ be going to + R ; ~할 예정이다◎ be about to + R ; (막)·~하려하다
◎ be supposed to + R ; ~하기로 되어있다 (의무적)
◎ be likely/liable/prone to + R ; ~할 것 같다(추측성)
◎ be free to + R 마음껏 ~ 할 수 있는
◎ come to + R / get to + R : ~하게 되다.
◎ stand to + R: ~할 것 같다.◎ fail + to R : ~ 하지 못하다.
◎ happen to R : 우연히 ~하다.◎ be set to R : 틀림없이 ~ 할 것이다.