Adam Smith pointed out that specialization, where each of us focuses on one specific skill, leads to a general improvement of everybody’s well‐being. The idea is simple and powerful. By specializing in just one activity ― such as food raising, clothing production, or home construction ― each worker gains ① mastery over the particular activity.
Specialization makes sense, however, only if the specialist can subsequently ② trade his or her output with the output of specialists in other lines of activity. It would make no sense to produce more food than a household needs unless there is a market outlet to exchange that ③ scarce food for clothing, shelter, and so forth. At the same time, without the ability to buy food on the market, it would not be possible
to be a specialist home builder or clothing maker, since it would be ④ necessary to farm for one’s own survival. Thus Smith realized that the division of labor is ⑤ limited by the extent of the market, whereas the extent of the market is determined by the degree of specialization.
than a household needs
유사 관계 대명사
◀ 정의 : i> 종속접속사인 as, but, than이
ii> 본래 의미를 가지면서
iii> 문장 속에서 격(格)을 가질 때( 명사 빠진 문장이 올 때)
as
1. 제한적 용법
As many men ( ) came here were caught.
Don't trust such friends ( ) praise you to your face.
You have the same watch ( ) I lost yesterday.
{
This book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it.
This book is written in such easy English as beginners can understand.
2. 계속적 용법
He returned home late, ( ) was often the case.
but
1. There is no rule ( ) has exceptions.
2. Who is there ( ) wishes for peace.
cf> It never rains, but it pours. (접속사)
than
Children should not have more money ( ) is needed.
without the ability to buy food on the market, it would not be possible
to be a specialist home builder or clothing maker
문장의 전후로 보아 조건절이 생략되는 경우도 있다.
1) Breathing would be difficult for you on a high mountain.
= If you were on a high mountain, breathing would be difficult.
2) A wise boy would not say so. (주절에 조건의 뜻이 포함)
= If he were a wise boy, he would not say so
